2. Signaling Pathways
  3. GPCR/G Protein
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. Dopamine Receptor

Dopamine Receptor

Dopamine Receptor

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Dopamine Receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous ligand for dopamine receptors. Dopamine receptors are implicated in many neurological processes, including motivation, pleasure, cognition, memory, learning, and fine motor control, as well as modulation of neuroendocrine signaling. Abnormal dopamine receptor signaling and dopaminergic nerve function is implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, dopamine receptors are common neurologic drug targets; antipsychotics are often dopamine receptor antagonists while psychostimulants are typically indirect agonists of dopamine receptors. There are at least five subtypes of dopamine receptors, D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. The D1 and D5 receptors are members of the D1-like family of dopamine receptors, whereas the D2, D3 and D4receptors are members of the D2-like family.

Dopamine Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

Dopamine Receptor Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-119943
    PF-06256142
    		Agonist 99.90%
    PF-06256142 is a potent, selective, CNS-penetrant and orally active agonist of the D1 receptor, with an EC50 and Ki of 33 nM and 12 nM, respectively. PF-06256142 has the potential for the research of schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.
    PF-06256142
  • HY-109167
    Aramisulpride
    		Antagonist 98.49%
    Aramisulpride (R-(+)-Amisulpride) is the R-isomer of Amisulpride (HY-14545). Aramisulpride is a 5-HT7 receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 22 nM. Aramisulpride is a D2/D3 receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 140 nM for D2R and a Ki value of 13.9 nM for D3R. Aramisulpride can be used in psychiatric research.
    Aramisulpride
  • HY-B0965AS
    Thioridazine-d3 hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 98.25%
    Thioridazine-d3 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Thioridazine. Thioridazine, an antagonist of the dopamine receptor D2 family proteins, exhibits potent anti-psychotic and anti-anxiety activities. Thioridazine is also a potent inhibitor of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathways with anti-angiogenic effect. Thioridazine shows antiproliferative and apoptosis induction effects in various types of cancer cells, with specificity on targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs).
    Thioridazine-d<sub>3</sub> hydrochloride
  • HY-14546A
    Aripiprazole monohydrate
    		Agonist 99.83%
    Aripiprazole (OPC-14597) monohydrate, an atypical antipsychotic, is a potent and high-affinity dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist. Aripiprazole monohydrate is an inverse agonist at 5-HT2B and 5-HT2A receptors and displays partial agonist actions at 5-HT1A, 5-HT2C, D3, and D4 receptors. Aripiprazole monohydrate can be used for the research of schizophrenia and COVID19.
    Aripiprazole monohydrate
  • HY-B1752
    Quinpirole
    		Activator 98.95%
    Quinpirole (LY 171555; (-)-LY 141865) is a D2/D3 dopamine receptor agonist and a CaV1.3 calcium channel modulator. Quinpirole normalizes dendritic spine density in dopamine-depleted striatum, upregulates the protein expression of BCL2 and GluR2, downregulates the protein expression of BAX, and delays the onset of seizures. Quinpirole enhances learning and memory, inhibits neuronal apoptosis (apoptosis), and induces anxiety-like, stereotyped, and compulsive behaviors. Quinpirole disrupts prepulse inhibition in rhesus monkeys, enhances the activity of paraventricular thalamic neurons to promote recovery from Isoflurane anesthesia, and alters the composition of the gut microbiota in rats. Quinpirole can be used in research related to dyskinesia, pain, epilepsy, and neurological disorders including anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and schizophrenia.
    Quinpirole
  • HY-116082
    CP 226269
    		Agonist 99.65%
    CP 226269 is a potent dopamine D4 receptor agonist that induces calcium flux with EC50 of 32 nM. CP 226269 stimulates phospholipid methylation (PLM) in SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells with an EC50 of 2.9 nM. CP 226269 can be used in the research of schizophrenia and other related diseases.
    CP 226269
  • HY-W049881
    9-Methyl-β-carboline
    		Modulator 99.86%
    9-Methyl-β-carboline is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and dopaminergic modulator, with an IC50 of 1 μM against human MAO-A and an IC50 of 15.5 μM against human MAO-B. 9-Methyl-β-carboline possesses cognitive enhancement potential and can cross the blood-brain barrier. 9-Methyl-β-carboline increases dopamine levels by inhibiting monoamine oxidase activity and microglial proliferation. 9-Methyl-β-carboline activates PKA/PKC and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, promotes neurotrophic factor expression and reduces α-synuclein (α-synuclein) levels, thereby reversing neurotoxin-induced dopaminergic neuron damage. 9-Methyl-β-carboline also regulates the PI3K pathway and exerts an anti-proliferative effect on astrocytes. 9-Methyl-β-carboline is widely used in Parkinson's disease-related studies.
    9-Methyl-β-carboline
  • HY-19654C
    (-)-GSK598809 hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.64%
    (-)-GSK598809 is an isomer of GSK598809. GSK598809 is a potent and selective dopamine D3 Receptor (DRD3) antagonist.
    (-)-GSK598809 hydrochloride
  • HY-B0950A
    Mefexamide hydrochloride
    		Activator 99.45%
    Mefexamide (ANP-297) hydrochloride is a psychostimulant psychopharmaceutical and aryloxyacetic acid derivative antidepressant with dopaminergic activity. Mefexamide hydrochloride can be used for the research of depression.
    Mefexamide hydrochloride
  • HY-133152S
    Brexpiprazole S-oxide-d8
    		Agonist 98.72%
    Brexpiprazole S-oxide-d8 (DM-3411 D8) is a deuterium labeled Brexpiprazole S-oxide (HY-133152). Brexpiprazole S-oxide is a main metabolite of Brexpiprazole and is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Brexpiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic agent and a partial agonist of human 5-HT1A and dopamine receptor with Kis of 0.12 nM and 0.3 nM, respectively. Brexpiprazole is also a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist with a Ki of 0.47 nM.
    Brexpiprazole S-oxide-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-116941
    A-381393
    		Antagonist 99.92%
    A-381393 is a potent, selective, brain penetrate dopamine D4 receptor antagonist, with Kis of 1.5, 1.9 and 1.6 nM for human dopamine D4.4, D4.2, and D4.7 receptor, respectively, >2700-fold selectivity over D1, D2, D3 and D5 dopamine receptors. A-381393 shows moderate affinity for 5-HT2A (Ki, 370 nM).
    A-381393
  • HY-B0031R
    Quetiapine hemifumarate (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Quetiapine (hemifumarate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quetiapine (hemifumarate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Quetiapine hemifumarate is a 5-HT receptors agonist with a pEC50 of 4.77 for human 5-HT1A receptor. Quetiapine hemifumarate is a dopamine receptor antagonist with a pIC50 of 6.33 for human D2 receptor. Quetiapine hemifumarate has moderate to high affinity for the human D2, HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptor with pKis of 7.25, 5.74, 7.54, 5.55. Antidepressant and anxiolytic effects.
    Quetiapine hemifumarate (Standard)
  • HY-121870A
    Dimethocaine hydrochloride
    		99.36%
    Dimethocaine (Larocaine) hydrochloride is distributed and consumed as "new psychoactive substance" (NPS) without any safety testing
    Dimethocaine hydrochloride
  • HY-101384A
    Ro 10-5824 dihydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.86%
    Ro 10-5824 dihydrochloride is a selective dopamine D4 receptor partial agonist, with Ki of 5.2 nM.
    Ro 10-5824 dihydrochloride
  • HY-12707S
    Piribedil-d8
    		Agonist 99.79%
    Piribedil-d8 is the deuterium labeled Piribedil, which is an antiparkinsonian agent.
    Piribedil-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-116016
    Etilevodopa
    		99.00%
    Etilevodopa (L-Dopa ethyl ester), an ethyl-ester proagent of Levodopa, is rapidly hydrolyzed to Levodopa and ethanol by nonspecific esterases in the gastrointestinal tract. Etilevodopa is used for the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD). Levodopa is the direct precursor of dopamine and is a suitable proagent as it facilitates CNS penetration and delivers dopamine.
    Etilevodopa
  • HY-B0731
    Perospirone hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.94%
    Perospirone hydrochloride (SM-9018) is an orally active antagonist of 5-HT2A receptor (Ki of 0.6 nM) and dopamine D2 receptor (Ki of 1.4 nM). Perospirone hydrochloride is also a partial agonist of 5-HT1A receptor (Ki of 2.9 nM). Perospirone hydrochloride is an atypical antipsychotic agent and has the potential for schizophrenic disease research.
    Perospirone hydrochloride
  • HY-17366R
    Clozapine N-oxide (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Clozapine N-oxide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clozapine N-oxide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clozapine N-oxide is a major metabolite of Clozapine and a human muscarinic designer receptors (DREADDs) agonist. Clozapine N-oxide activates the DREADD receptor hM3Dq and hM4Di. Clozapine N-oxide cannot cross the blood-brain barrier[1][2][3][4]. Clozapine is a potent dopamine antagonist and also a potent and selective muscarinic M4 receptor (EC50=11 nM) agonist[5][6].
    Clozapine N-oxide (Standard)
  • HY-129059
    Odapipam
    		Antagonist 99.00%
    Odapipam (NNC 756) is a selective, high affinity and benzazepine dopamine D1 receptor antagonist with a Kd of 0.18 nM. Odapipam is also a superior positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer.
    Odapipam
  • HY-17355S1
    Pramipexole-d5 dihydrochloride
    		Agonist
    Pramipexole-d5 dihydrochloride is deuterium labeled Pramipexole dihydrochloride. Pramipexole dihydrochloride is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with Kis of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D2, D3 and D4 receptors, respectively. Pramipexole dihydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).
    Pramipexole-d<sub>5</sub> dihydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Dopamine Receptor Isoform Comparison

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